The effects of the sun can be devastating for the skin. So if we want to prevent premature aging, avoid spots and various diseases, it is essential to protect the skin from UV radiation. But, how do you choose the right sunscreen? The first step is to understand the differences between physical and chemical filters, as well as their advantages and limitations.
If you want to know which type of sunscreen filter best suits your needs, keep reading. In this article from Toskani, we help you make the best decision.
What are physical sunscreens?
Physical sunscreens, also called mineral sunscreens, are made up of inorganic particles of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. These microparticles act as a natural shield on the skin’s surface, creating a barrier that stops ultraviolet radiation before it penetrates the skin.
How do they work on the skin?
When you apply a sunscreen with physical filters, its micronized particles remain on the outermost layer of the epidermis. There, they reflect and scatter the energy from UVA and UVB rays, preventing them from reaching the living cells. This mechanism allows for immediate protection from the moment of application, with no need to wait for absorption time.
Advantages and disadvantages
Physical filters stand out for their excellent tolerance, making them ideal for sensitive skin, atopic skin, or skin with reactive tendencies, since they do not penetrate and rarely cause irritation. They are also very stable under sunlight and environmentally friendly for marine ecosystems.
However, their textures can feel denser and traditionally left a slight white cast. Thanks to micronization and the use of mineral pigments, today there are formulas of physical sunscreens with a transparent finish or with a slight makeup tint to even out skin tone.
What are chemical sunscreens?
On the other hand, chemical sunscreens are based on organic molecules such as avobenzone, octocrylene, or oxybenzone. Unlike mineral filters, these substances gently penetrate the skin’s surface layer, where they absorb UV radiation and convert it into heat, which then dissipates without damaging the cells.
How do they work on the skin?
After application, chemical filters migrate to the epidermis and capture incoming UV radiation. When excited by solar energy, they release that energy as heat. For them to be effective, this type of sunscreen requires a short activation period of 15 to 20 minutes after application.
Advantages and disadvantages
Chemical filters offer very light textures and invisible finishes, easily integrating under makeup and being comfortable for daily use. They are also very versatile and available in sprays, gels, and fast-absorbing emulsions.
However, they are usually not the best option for very sensitive skin, as they can cause irritation or allergic reactions.
Physical vs. chemical filters: main differences
Although both types effectively protect against UVA and UVB rays, the main difference between physical and chemical sunscreens lies in their mode of action: physical filters act like a mirror reflecting rays on the surface, while chemical filters act like sponges that absorb and neutralize them in the outer layers of the skin.
In terms of tolerance, the difference between physical and chemical filters is that minerals are far better for delicate skin or post-treatment skin. Regarding texture, chemical filters usually feel lighter and more cosmetic, although thanks to recent advances in cosmetics, this has changed.
Now that you know the difference between physical and chemical sunscreens, choosing your ideal protector depends on your specific needs. If your priority is maximum tolerance and “eco-friendly” protection, opt for physical filters; if you seek lightness and an imperceptible finish, chemical or hybrid combinations may be ideal. In any case, always make sure to choose a broad-spectrum SPF 30+ sunscreen and reapply every two hours or after swimming to maintain continuous protection. At Toskani, you will find professional sunscreens designed to deeply protect your skin. Discover our sunscreen with vitamin D synthesis enhancer, available in spray, stick, and cream formats. This super protector is formulated with the most advanced ingredients to care for all skin types and help them look more luminous, smooth, and hydrated.